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Selected Congressional Research Service Reports
on Congress and Its Procedures

Part of LLSDC's Legislative Source Book

RL33724 Administrative Issues Related to a Change in Majority in the House of Representatives (15 p.)
RS21243 Ad Hoc Select Committees: Use in the House of Representatives (4 p.)
98-995 Amending Process in the House of Representatives, The (50 p.)
98-853 Amending Process in the Senate, The (32 p.)
98-812 Amedments Between the Houses (3 p.)
98-426 Amendments on the House Floor: Summary of Major Restrictions (2 p.)
98-648 Appropriations Bills: What Are "General Provisions"? (2 p.)
RS22015 Availability of Legislative Proposals in the House of Representatives (6 p.)
98-706 Bills and Resolutions: Examples of How Each Kind Is Used (3 p.)
98-728 Bills, Resolutions, Nominations, and Treaties: Origins, Deadlines, Requirements, and Uses (2 p.)
RL30378 Black Members of the United States Congress: 1870 - (64 p.)
RL30862 Budget Reconciliation Procedures: The Senate's "Byrd Rule" (32 p.)
RL33030 Budget Reconciliation Process, The: House and Senate Procedures (108 p.)
98-437 Calendars of the House of Representatives (3 p.)
98-836 Calling Up Measures on the Senate Floor (2 p.)
98-878 Casework in a Congressional Office (35 p.)
RL33209 Casework in a Congressional Office: Background, Rules, Laws, and Resources (19 p.)
98-761 Clerk of the House: Fact Sheet on Legislative and Administrative Duties (2 p.)
RL32878 Cloture Attempts on Nominations (9 p.)
98-424 *Cloture: Its Effects on Senate Floor Proceedings (3 p.)
93-407 *Commemorative Legislation (18 p. - 04/14/1993)
98-662 Commemorative Legislation: Evolution and Procedures (16 p.)
RL30743 Committee Assignment Process in the U.S. Senate: Democratic and Republican Party Procedures (12 p.)
98-242 Committee Jurisdiction and Referral in the Senate (3 p.)
RL30244 Committee Markup Process in the House of Representattives, The (22 p.)
RS20147 Committee of the Whole: An Introduction (6 p.)
98-564 Committee of the Whole: Stages of Action on Measures (3 p.)
RS20794 Committee System in the U.S. Congress, The (6 p.)
98-241 Committee Types and Roles (2 p.)
RL32207 Commonly Used Motions and Requests in the House of Representatives (12 p.)
96-708 Conference Committee and Related Procedures: An Introduction (10 p.)
98-708 Conference Committee Deliberations (2 p.)
97-684 Congressional Appropriation Process: An Introduction, The (25 p.)
RS20095 Congressional Budget Process (6 p.)
RL31840 Congressional Budget Resolutions: Motions to Instruct Conferees (17 p.)
RL33313 Congressional Commissions, Committees, Boards, and Groups: Appointment Authority and Membership (120 p.)
RS22510 Congressional Franking Privilege: An Overview (3 p.)
RL30076 Congressional Gold Medals, 1776 (40 p.)
RL34354 Congressional Influences on Rulemaking Through Appropriations Restrictions (46 p.)
98-446 Congressional Liaison Offices of Selected Federal Agencies 39 p.)
RL33313 Congressional Membership and Appointment Authority to Advisory Commmissions, Boards, and Groups (134 p.)
RL34188 Congressional Official Mail Costs (10 p.)
RS22230 Congressional or Federal Charters: Overview and Current Issues (6 p.)
RL30240 Congressional Oversight Manual (151 p.)
93-60 *Congressional Record: Content, History and Issues (24 p. - 01/14/1993)
98-266 Congressional Record: Its Production, Distribution, and Accessibility (3 p.)
RL33471 Congressional Research Service and the American Legislative Process, The (10 p.)
RL30562 Congressional Roll Call and Other Votes: 1st Congress - 108th Congress, 1789-2003 (12 p.)
RL30064 Congressional Salaries and Allowances (12 p.)
98-340 *Congressional Staff: Duties and Functions (2 p.)
RL34545 Congressional Staff: Duties and Functions of Selected Positions (15 p.)
93-920 *Congressional Standing Committee System, The (76 p.)
96-727 Congressional Statistics: Bills Introduced and Laws Enacted, 1947-2004 (3 p.)
RL30340 Congressionally Chartered Nonprofit Organizations ("Title 36 Corporations") (17 p.)
RL34114 Congress's Contempt Power: A Sketch (19 p.)
RL33824 Constitutionality of Awarding the Delegate for the District of Columbia a Vote in the House of Representatives ... (22 p.)
RL32102 Constitutionality of a Senate Filibuster of a Judicial Nomination (15 p.)
RL30343 Continuing Resolutions: FY2007 Action and Brief Overview of Recent Practices (17 p.)
RS21667 Dear Colleague Letters: A Brief Overview (6 p.)
98-827 Debate and Motions on the House Floor: Allocation of Time (2 p.)
RL32200 Debate, Motions, and Othrr Actions in the Committee of the Whole (20 p.)
98-572 Decorum in House Debate (34 p.)
RS22866 Earmark Disclosure Rules in the House: Member and Committee Requirements (3 p.
RS22867 Earmark Disclosure Rules in the Senate: Member and Committee Requirements (5 p.
RS20300 Election of the President and Vice President by Congress: Contingent Election (6 p.)
RS21140 *Electronic Congress: Proposals and Issues (6 p.; 7/2/02)
RL30764 Enforcement of Congressional Rules of Conduct: An Historical Overview (25 p.)
98-826 Engrossment, Enrollment, and Presentation of Legislation (3 p.)
RL31948 Evolution of the Senate's Role in the Nomination and Confirmation Process: A Brief History (15 p.)
RL30619 Examples of Legislative Provisions in Omnibus Appropriations Acts (14 p.)
RS22209 Executive Lobbying: Statutory Controls (6 p.)
RS22034 Expedited or "Fast-Track" Legislative Procedures (2 p.)
RL30599 Expedited Procedures in the House: Variations Enacted Into Law (16 p.)
RL31382 Expulsion, Censure, Reprimand and Fine: Legislative Discipline in the House of Representatives (25 p.)
RL30812 Federal Statutes: What They Are and Where to Find Them (9 p.)
RL30315 Federalism, State Sovereignity and the Constitution: Basis and Limits of Congressonal Power (26 p.)
RS20928 Field Hearings: Fact Sheet on Purposes, Rules, Regulations, and Guidelines (3 p.)
RL30360 Filibusters and Cloture in the Senate (22 p.)
R40421 *Filling U.S. Senate Vacancies: Perspectives and Contemporary Developments (15 p.)
RL30725 First Day of a New Congress: A Guide to Proceedings on the House Floor, The (11 p.)
98-737 Floor Consideration of Conference Reports in the Senate (2 p.)
97-236 Floor Procedure in the House of Representatives: A Brief Overview (4 p.)
98-865 Flow of Business: Typical Day on the Senate Floor (3 p.)
RS20099 Former Speakers of the House: Office Allowances, Franking Privileges, and Staff Assistance (6 p.)
RL34458 Franking Privilege: An Analysis of Member Mass Mailings in the House, 1997 (7 p.)
RS20723 Freshmen in the House of Represntatives and Senate by Political Party: 1913 (5 p.)
RL30349 GAO: Government Accountability Office and General Accounting Office (21 p.)
RS20200 General Debate in the Committee of the Whole (3 p.)
98-397 Guide to Individuals Seated on the Senate Dais (2 p.)
RS20884 Guide to Major Congressional and Presidential Awards, A (6 p.)
96-623 *Hearings in the House of Representatives: A Guide for Prepartion and Conduct (25 p.)
RL30548 Hearings in the U.S. Senate: A Guide for Preparation and Procedure (25 p.)
RL32013 History of the Blue Slip in the Senate Committee on the Judiciary, 1917-Present (28 p.)
98-401 House Administrative Officers and Officials (3 p.)
RS20427 House and Senate Chaplains (3 p.)
RL30945 House and Senate Rules of Procedure: A Comparison (13 p.)
RL34462 House and Senate Procedural Rules Concerning Earmark Disclosure (10 p.)
97-1009 House and Senate Vacancies: How Are They Filled (5 p.)
98-175 House Committee Jurisdiction and Referral: Rules and Practice (2 p.)
98-168 House Committee Markup: Preparation (2 p.)
RS20308 House Committee Markups: Commonly Used Motions and Requests (5 p.)
R40478 *House Committee Party Ratios: 98th - 111th Congresses (21 p.)
98-169 House Committee Reports: Required Contents (2 p.)
RL32661 House Committees: A Framework for Considering Jurisdictional Realignment (11 p.)
98-151 House Committees: Categories and Rules for Committee Assignments (3 p.)
98-194 House Contested Election Cases: 1933 to 2003 (43 p.)
RS22890 House Office of General Counsel (2 p.)
RL31055 House Offset Amendments to Appropriations Bills: Procedural Considerations (19 p.)
97-1045 *House Rules and Precedents Affecting Committee Markup Procedures (5 p.)
98-313 House Rules Committee Hearings on Special Rules (2 p.)
98-262 House Rules Manual: Summary of Contents (2 p.)
98-835 House Sergent at Arms: Fact Sheet on Legislative and Administrative Duties (2 p.)
RS21165 House Standing Committee Chairs and Ranking Minority Members: Rules Governing Selection Procedures (6 p.)
RL32031 House Vacancies: Proposed Constitutional Amendments for Filing Them Due to National Emergencies (11 p.)
RL31394 House Vacancies: Selected Proposals for Filing Them After a Catastophic Loss of Members (23 p.)
98-228 House Voting Procedures: Forms and Requirements (2 p.)
RS20617 How Bills Amend Statutes (3 p.)
RS20067 How Measures Are Brought to the House Floor: A Brief Introduction (6 p.)
RS20668 How Measures Are Brought to the Senate Floor: A Brief Introduction (6 p.
RS22556 Incapacity of a Member of the Senate (6 p.)
RL30288 Informal Congressional Groups and Member Organizations: 106th Congress ( p.)
98-381 Instructing House Conferees (2 p.)
98-458 Introducing a House Bill or Resolution (2 p.)
98-459 Introducing a Senate Bill or Resolution (2 p.)
98-381 Instructing House Conferees (3 p.)
98-425 Invoking Cloture in the Senate (2 p.)
RL33635 Item Veto and Expanded Impoundment Proposals: History and Current Status (30 p.)
RL33677 Lame Duck Sessions of Congress, 1935 (28 p.)
R40056 Legislative Branch Staffing, 1954 (13 p.)
96-548 Legislative Process on the Senate Floor: An Introduction, The (16 p.)
RS21363 Legislative Procedure in Congress: Basic Sources for Congressional Staff (6 p.)
98-996 pt2 *Legislative Procedures and the Legislative Agenda in the House of Representattives (34 p.)
RS21519 Legislative Procedures for Adjusting the Public Debt Limit: A Brief Overview (6 p.)
95-563 Legislative Process on the House Floor, The: An Introduction (13 p.)
RS20120 Legislative Support: Useful Telephone Numbers and Internet Addresses (5 p.)
RS21285 Length of Congressional Service: First Through 107th Congresses (6 p.)
RL31126 Lobbying Congress: An Overview of Legal Provisions and Congressional Ethics Rules (25 p.)
RL33065 Lobbying Disclosure Reform: Background and Legislative Proposals, 109th Congress (15 p.)
RL34166 Lobbying Law and Ethics Rules Changes in the 110th Congress (19 p.)
96-809 Lobbying Regulations on Non-Profit Organizations (12 p.)
RL30607 Major Leadership Election Contests in the House of Representatives, 94th - 111th Congresses (23 p.)
RL30704 Major Leadership Election Contests in the Senate: A 30-Year Survey (15 p.)
RL34347 Members of Congress Who Die in Office: Historic and Current Practice (19 p.)
98-735 Members of the U.S. Congress Who Have Died of Other Than Natural Causes While in Office (7 p.)
RL21379 Membership of the 108th Congress: A Profile (6 p.)
RS22555 Membership of the 110th Congress: A Profile (6 p.)
R40086 Membership in the 111th Congress: A Profile (7 p.)
RL30370 Members Who Have Served in the U.S. Congress 30 Years or More (21 p.)
RL30607 "Memorandum of Understanding", The: A Senate Compromise on Judicial Filibusters (15 p.)
98-839 Messages, Petitions, Communications, and Memorials to Congress (3 p.)
RS20131 Morning Hour Debates: Current House Practices (4 p.)
98-383 Motions to Recommit in the House (2 p.)
RS21562 Naming Post Offices Through Legislation (5 p.)
RL33215 National Security Whistleblowers (43 p.)
RL34037 No Confidence Votes and Other Forms of Congressional Censure of Public Officials (14 p.)
RS20735 Office of Legislative Counsel: House (3 p.)
RS20856 Office of Legislative Counsel: Senate (3 p.)
RS22891 Office of Senate Legal Counsel (3 p.)
RL30135 One-Minute Speeches: Current House Practices (8 p.)
RS20199 Ordering a Roll Call Vote in the Senate (2 p.)
98-806 Overview of the Impeachment Process, An (6 p.)
RL33685 Pages of the U.S. Congress: History, Background Information, and Proposals for Change (15 p.)
RL32206 Parliament and Congress: A Brief Comparison of the British House of Commons and the House of Reps. (16 p.)
RL30787 Parliamentary Reference Sources: House of Representattives (49 p.)
RL30788 Parliamentary Reference Sources: Senate (34 p.)
RL34599 Parliamentary-Style Question Period, A: Proposals and Issues for Congress (35 p.)
RS20881 Party Leaders in the House: Election, Duties, and Responsibilities (2 p.)
RL30567 Party Leaders in the United States Congress, 1789 (33 p.)
97-865 Points of Order in the Congressional Budget Process (15 p.)
RL32844 Power to Regulate Commerce, The: Limits on Congressional Power (20 p.)
RL30960 President Pro Tempore of the Senate: History and Authority of the Office (32 p.)
RL31351 Presidential Advisers' Testimony Before Congressional Committees: An Overview (31 p.)
RL30959 Presidential Appointee Positions Requiring Senate Confirmation and Committees Handling Nominations (48 p.)
RS21750 Presidential Veto and Congressional Procedure, The (5 p.)
98-148 Presidential Vetoes, 1789-Present: A Summary Overview (3 p.)
RL30960 President Pro Rempore onf the Senate, The: History and Authority of the Office (32 p.)
RS22450 Prcedural Analysis of Private Laws Enacted: 1986-2009 (8 p.)
98-143 Procedural Distinctions between the House and the Committee of the Whole (2 p.)
RL31685 Proposals to Reform "Holds" in the Senate (14 p.)
RS20748 Protection of Classified Information by Congress: Practices and Proposals (5 p.)
98-687 Public Printing Reform: Issues and Actions (32 p.)
98-673 Publications of Congressional Committees: A Summary (2 p.8)
98-406 Publications of the U.S. House of Representatives (3 p.)
98-503 Publications of the U.S. Senate (3 p.)
98-411 Questions of Privilege in the House (3 p.)
98-870 Quorum Requirements in the House: Committee and Chamber (2 p.)
RL33009 Recess Appointments: A Legal Overview (17 p.)
RS21308 Recess Appointments: Frequently Asked Questions (6 p.)
RS22188 Regular Vetoes and Pocket Vetoes: An Overview (6 p.)
98-696 Resolving Legislative Differences in Congress: Conference Committees & Amndts Between Houses (38 p.)
RL30631 Retirement Benefits for Members of Congress (13 p.)
RL33939 Rise of Senate Unanimous Consent Agreements, The (6 p.)
RL34405 Role of Home State Senators in the Selection of Lower Federal Court Judges (66 p.)
RL30665 Role of the House Majority Leader, The: An Overview (12 p.)
RL30666 Role of the House Minority Leader, The: An Overview (12 p.)
RL33686 Roles and Duties of a Member of Congress (11 p.)
RS22299 Routes to the Senate Floor: Rule XIV and Unanimous Consent (6 p.)
98-53 Salaries of Federal Officials: A Fact Sheet (2 p.)
97-1011 Salaries of Members of Congress: A List of Payable Rates and Effective Dates, 1789 (6 p.)
97-615 Salaries of Members of Congress: Congressional Votes, 1990 (31 p.)
RL30014 Salaries of Members of Congress: Current Procedures and Recent Adjustments (23 p.)
97-1011 Salaries of Members of Congress: Payable Rates Since 1789 and Recent Adjustments (80 p.)
97-615 Salaries of Members of Congress: Congressional Votes, 1990-2009 (28 p.)
RS20388 Salary Linkage: Members of Congress and Other Federal Executive and Judicial Officials (6 p.)
RS20145 Secret Sessions of Congress: A Brief Historical Overview (6 p.
98-718 Secret Sessions of the House and Senate (3 p.)
98-962 Selected Privileges and Courtesies Extended to Departing and Former Members of the House (5 p.)
98-963 Selected Privileges and Courtesies Extended to Departing and Former Senators (5 p.)
98-418 Senate Administrative Officers and Officials (3 p.)
RS22972 Senate, The: An Overview (6 p.
RS22649 Senate Committee Hearings: The "Minority Witness Rule" (2 p.
98-305 Senate Committee Reports: Required Contents (2 p.)
RL33972 Senate Committee Rules in the 110th Congress: A Comparison of Key Provisions (37 p.)
98-380 Senate Conferees: Their Selection and Authority (2 p.)
RS20986 Senate Confirmation Process: A Brief Overview (3 p.)
RL31980 Senate Consideration of Presidential Nominations: Committee and Floor Procedure (14 p.)
98-384 Senate Consideration of Treaties (2 p.)
98-429 Senate's Calendar of Business, The (2 p.)
98-438 Senate's Executive Calendar, The (2 p.)
97-368 Senate Floor Procedure: A Summary (43 p.; 01/12/01)
RS20933 Senate Leadership Structure: Overview of Party Organization (2 p.)
98-470 Senate Manual: A Guide to Its Contents (2 p.)
RL34255 Senate Policy on "Holds": Action in the 110th Congress (12 p.)
RS22733 Senate Rules Changes in the 110th Congress Affecting Restrictions on the Content of Conference Reports (6 p.)
98-310 Senate Unanimous Consent Agreements: Potential Effects on the Amendment Process (4 p.)
98-825 "Sense of" Resolutions and Provisions (2 p.)
97-780 Speaker of the House, The: House Officer, Party Leader, and Representative (13 p.)
RL30857 Speakers of the House: Elections, 1913-20017 (9 p.)
RL30136 Special Order Speeches: Current House Practices (8 p.)
RS21174 Special Order Speeches and Other Forms of Non-Legislative Debate in the House (3 p.)
98-612 Special Rules and Options for Regulating the Amending Process (22 p.)
98-433 Special Rules and Waivers of House Rules (2 p.)
98-170 Speechwriting in Perspective: A Brief Guide to Effective and Persuasive Communication (23 p.)
98-279 Sponsorship and Cosponsorship of Senate Bills (2 p.)
97-589 Statutory Construction General Principles and Recent Trends (41 p.)
98-544 Subcommittees in the House of Representatives (3 p.)
RL33220 Support Offices in the House of Representatives: Roles and Authorities (23 p.)
RL31989 Supreme Court Appointment Process: Roles of the President, Judiciary Committee and Senate (50 p.)
RL33225 Supreme Court Nominations, 1789 - 2006: Actions by the Senate, the Judiciary Committee, and the President (43 p.)
RL31171 Supreme Court Nominations Not Confirmed, 1789-2002 (25 p.)
RL32474 Suspension of the Rules in the House of Representattives (44 p.)
98-461 Tracking Current Federal Legislation and Regulations: A Guide to Basic Sources (14 p.)
98-317 Types of Committee Hearings (2 p.)
98-225 Unanimous Consent Agreements in the Senate (2 p.)
98-265 User's Guide to the Congressional Record, A (2 p.)
98-227 Voting in the Senate: Forms and Requirements (2 p.)
97-896 Why Certain Trade Agreements Are Approved as Congressional-Executive Agreements Rather Than as Treaties (6 p.)
RL30261 Women in the United States Congress: 1917 - (97 p.)

Links to Most Other CRS Reports on the Internet

98-611 Presidential Directives: Background and Overview (16 pp.; Updated 2/10/03 - via LLSDC.org)
95-772 Executive Orders and Proclamations (26 pp.; Updated 03/09/99 - via LLSDC.org)

Other Selected CRS Reports on Congress and Its Procedures (via House Rules Committee)

Abstracts of CRS Reports on Congress and Its Procedures (via Penny Hill Press, fee for full text)

Abstracts of All CRS Reports on Various Issues from 1995 to Recent (via Penny Hill Press, fee for full text)

Full Text of all Recent CRS Reports (by subscription via GalleryWatch.com and Penny Hill Press)

Links to Accessible CRS Reports on the World Wide Web (compiled by Gary Price via Freepint, 2001)

Major Studies and Issue Briefs of the CRS: 1916-2004 (Microform, via LexisNexis - for sale)

Selected CRS Reports on Agricultural Issues (via National Agricultural Law Center)

Selected CRS Reports on Environmental Issues (via National Council for Science and the Environment)

Selected CRS Reports on Federal Taxation (via Westlaw's FTX-CRS file - for subscribers only)

Selected CRS Reports on First Amendment Issues (via First Amendment Center)

Selected CRS Reports on Foreign Relations (via U.S. State Department)

Selected CRS Reports on Foreign Relations & U.S. Policies (via U.S. Embassy to Italy)

Selected CRS Reports on Global Security and Related Issues (via GlobalSecurity.org)

Selected CRS Reports on Intellectual Property and Electronic Communications (via Franklin Pierce Law Center)

Selected CRS Reports on Space, General Science, Security, Secrecy, Weapons, etc. (via Federation of American Scientists)

Selected CRS Reports on Terrorism Prevention (via Nationall Memorial Institute for the Prevention of Terroism - Library)

Selected CRS Reports on Various Issues (via Thurgood Marshall Law Library, Univ. of Md.)

Selected CRS Reports on Various Issues (via specially designed search on Google)

Selected CRS Products on Various Issues (All) (via LexisNexis Congressional subscription service)

Selected CRS Products on Various Issues (via The Memory Hole)

Selected CRS Products on Various Issues (more than 6,000 via Univ. of North Texas Libraries)

Selected (Most) CRS Reports on Various Issues (via OpenCRS.com, a project of the Center for Democracy and Technology)

Selected (Most) CRS Products on Various Issues (via Wikileaks)

Selected (Most) CRS Reports on Various Issues (via Stanford University - archival search))

 

The Congressional Research Service (CRS), in the Library of Congress, is a non-partisan public policy research arm of the United States Congress established in 1914 (38 Stat. 1005 and 60 Stat. 836; now codified at 2 U.S.C. 166). The agency serves Congress exclusively and provides members and committees with reference and research services as well as in-depth analysis of legislative issues (see CRS Rept RL33471). With a staff of more than 700, CRS produces or updates some 3,000 studies and other publications annually. CRS does not distribute its reports to the public, nor does it make them available on the Internet. Nearly all the above links are to sites on OpenCRS.com which attempts to obtainn CRS documents from the public (via Congressional request) or links reports to existing public repositories. A CRS report with an asterisks before its title is not yet on OpenCRS.com. Subscription services such as LexisNexis Congressional and CRS/documents.com have most CRS reports including most of the updated versions. See LLRX.com article, Guide to CRS Reports on the Web by Stephen Young. 

Various legislative proposals have been made in Congress to place CRS reports on the Internet, including H.R. 2545 (110th Congress) H.R. 3630 (108th Congress - press release), S. Res. 54 (108th Congress - press release), S. Res. 21 (107th Congress), H.R. 654 (106th Congress), H.R. 4582 (106th Congress), S. 393, (106th Congress), H.R. 3131 (105th Congress), and S. 1578 (105th Congress - hearings held). See internal memo on the CRS perspective of making its products public and a commentary by Paul Weyrich advocating their availability to the public.

Note on PDF Documents:   Depending on the formatting and arrangement of each of the items in this Source Book collection, some documents are provided only in Adobe's Portable Document Format. You must have Adobe Acrobat Reader software installed on your computer in order to view these documents.

Maintained by Rick McKinney for LLSDC's Legislative Research Special Interest Section. Last updated on May 6, 2009.

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